Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
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1.
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The
replication of a DNA molecule results in four copies of the same gene.
_________________________
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2.
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If a
nucleic acid contains uracil, it is DNA. _________________________
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3.
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The
nitrogenous bases in RNA are able to form hydrogen bonds with each other.
_________________________
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4.
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During DNA replication, only one strand of DNA serves as a template.
_________________________
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5.
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Genes
determine a person’s eye color by coding for nitrogenous bases that affect eye color.
_________________________
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6.
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DNA
codes for DNA polymerase. _________________________
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7.
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In
prokaryotes, an operon is a group of genes that are operated together.
_________________________
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8.
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Gene
regulation in eukaryotes is less complex than in prokaryotes.
_________________________
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9.
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The
TATA box in eukaryotes helps to ensure transcription. _________________________
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10.
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In
fruit flies, the hox gene that controls the development of the wings is located before the hox
gene that controls the development of the eye and before the hox gene that controls the development
of the tail. _________________________
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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11.
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Avery’s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by a. | RNA. | b. | DNA. | c. | proteins. | d. | carbohydrates. | | |
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12.
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What
did Griffith observe when he injected a mixture of heat-killed, disease-causing bacteria and live
harmless bacteria into mice? a. | The disease-causing bacteria changed into harmless
bacteria. | b. | The mice developed pneumonia. | c. | The harmless
bacteria died. | d. | The mice were unaffected. | | |
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13.
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What
would Hershey and Chase have concluded if both radioactive 32P and 35S were
found in the bacteria in their experiment? a. | The virus’s protein coat was not injected into the
bacteria. | b. | The virus’s DNA was not injected into the
bacteria. | c. | Genes are made of protein. | d. | Both the
virus’s protein coat and its DNA were injected into the bacteria. | | |
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14.
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Which
of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? a. | ribose + phosphate group + thymine | b. | ribose +
phosphate group + uracil | c. | deoxyribose + phosphate group +
uracil | d. | deoxyribose + phosphate group +
cytosine | | |
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15.
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Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of a. | adenine
molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules. | b. | pyrimidines in
DNA is about equal to the percentage of purines. | c. | purines in DNA
is much greater than the percentage of pyrimidines. | d. | cytosine
molecules in DNA is much greater than the percentage of guanine molecules. | | |
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16.
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DNA
is copied during a process called a. | replication. | b. | translation. | c. | transcription. | d. | transformation. | | |
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17.
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During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with
the bases a. | TCGAAC. | b. | GATCCA. | c. | AGCTTG. | d. | GAUCCA. | | |
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18.
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In
eukaryotes, DNA a. | is located in
the nucleus. | b. | floats freely in the cytoplasm. | c. | is located in
the ribosomes. | d. | is circular. | | |
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19.
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During mitosis, the a. | DNA molecules unwind. | b. | histones and DNA
molecules separate. | c. | DNA molecules become more tightly
coiled. | d. | nucleosomes become less tightly
packed. | | |
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20.
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RNA
contains the sugar a. | ribose. | b. | deoxyribose. | c. | glucose. | d. | lactose. | | |
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21.
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Unlike DNA, RNA contains a. | adenine. | b. | uracil. | c. | phosphate groups. | d. | thymine. | | |
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22.
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Which
of the following are found in both DNA and RNA? a. | ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine | b. | deoxyribose,
phosphate groups, and guanine | c. | phosphate groups, guanine, and
cytosine | d. | phosphate groups, guanine, and
thymine | | |
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23.
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How
many main types of RNA are there? a. | 1 | b. | 3 | c. | hundreds | d. | thousands | | |
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24.
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Which
of the following are copied from DNA? a. | mRNA only | b. | mRNA, tRNA, and
rRNA | c. | mRNA and tRNA
only | d. | proteins | | |
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25.
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What
is produced during transcription? a. | RNA molecules | b. | DNA
molecules | c. | RNA polymerase | d. | proteins | | |
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26.
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During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed a. | that is
complementary to both strands of DNA. | b. | that is identical to part of a single strand of
DNA. | c. | that is
double-stranded. | d. | inside the nucleus. | | |
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27.
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Which
of the following statements is true? a. | A promoter is part of an intron. | b. | A pre-mRNA
molecule is longer than the gene from which the molecule was transcribed. | c. | Introns have
complementary sequences in DNA. | d. | mRNA molecules made from the same gene are always edited the
same way. | | |
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28.
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How
many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
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29.
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Why
is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon? a. | Some codons have
the same sequence of nucleotides. | b. | There are 64 different kinds of codons but only 20 amino
acids. | c. | Some codons do not specify an amino
acid. | d. | The codon AUG codes for the amino acid methionine and serves as
the “start” codon for protein synthesis. | | |
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30.
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Which
of the following terms is LEAST closely related to the others? a. | intron | b. | tRNA | c. | polypeptide | d. | anticodon | | |
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31.
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During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide
depends on the a. | codon on the
mRNA only. | b. | anticodon on the mRNA only. | c. | anticodon on the
tRNA to which the amino acid is attached only. | d. | codon on the
mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA to which the amino acid is attached. | | |
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32.
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Genes
contain instructions for assembling a. | purines. | b. | nucleosomes. | c. | proteins. | d. | pyrimidines. | | |
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33.
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Which
of the following statements is false? a. | Some genes code for enzymes. | b. | The instructions
for making some proteins are not specified by genes. | c. | An
organism’s inherited traits depend on proteins. | d. | An
organism’s genes determine its inherited traits. | | |
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34.
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Which
of the following is NOT a gene mutation? a. | inversion | b. | insertion | c. | deletion | d. | substitution | | |
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35.
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Which
of the following is NEVER a frameshift mutation? a. | substitution | b. | insertion | c. | deletion | d. | point
mutation | | |
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36.
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A
promoter is a a. | binding site for
DNA polymerase. | b. | binding site for RNA polymerase. | c. | start signal for
transcription. | d. | stop signal for transcription. | | |
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37.
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If a
specific kind of protein is not continually used by a cell, the gene for that protein
is a. | always
transcribed. | b. | never expressed. | c. | turned on and
off at different times. | d. | not regulated. | | |
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38.
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Which
of the following is NOT generally part of a eukaryotic gene? a. | operon | b. | TATA box | c. | promoter
sequences | d. | enhancer sequences | | |
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39.
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Which
of the following statements is false? a. | Mutations do not occur in hox genes. | b. | Hox genes that
are found in different animals are very different from each other. | c. | Hox genes
control the normal development of an animal. | d. | Hox genes occur
in clusters. | | |
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40.
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Hox
genes a. | are regulated by
operons. | b. | are found in bacteria. | c. | are not found in
humans. | d. | determine the location of a dog’s
ears. | | |
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